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Unknown  |  1992-06-06  |  151.7 KB

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hex view
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|000028d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000028e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000028f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002900| 2d 0d 0a 54 68 65 20 46 | 44 41 20 41 64 76 69 73 |-..The F|DA Advis|
|00002910| 6f 72 79 20 50 61 6e 65 | 6c 27 73 20 44 65 63 69 |ory Pane|l's Deci|
|00002920| 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 | 72 74 2d 50 41 0d 0a 0d |sion on |rt-PA...|
|00002930| 0a 53 68 65 72 72 79 20 | 53 0d 0a 28 54 65 6d 70 |.Sherry |S..(Temp|
|00002940| 6c 65 20 55 6e 69 76 2c | 20 50 68 69 6c 61 64 65 |le Univ,| Philade|
|00002950| 6c 70 68 69 61 29 0d 0a | 4a 20 43 6c 69 6e 20 50 |lphia)..|J Clin P|
|00002960| 68 61 72 6d 61 63 6f 6c | 20 32 37 3a 37 33 30 2d |harmacol| 27:730-|
|00002970| 37 33 34 2c 20 4f 63 74 | 6f 62 65 72 20 31 39 38 |734, Oct|ober 198|
|00002980| 37 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |7..-----|--------|
|00002990| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000029a0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000029b0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000029c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000029d0| 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 | 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 0d |---....A|bstract.|
|000029e0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 62 65 6e 65 |... |The bene|
|000029f0| 66 69 74 73 20 6f 66 20 | 61 20 72 65 63 6f 6d 62 |fits of |a recomb|
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|00002a10| 73 6d 69 6e 6f 67 65 6e | 20 61 63 74 69 76 61 74 |sminogen| activat|
|00002a20| 6f 72 20 28 72 74 2d 50 | 41 29 20 61 73 20 61 0d |or (rt-P|A) as a.|
|00002a30| 0a 74 68 72 6f 6d 62 6f | 6c 79 74 69 63 20 61 67 |.thrombo|lytic ag|
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|00002a70| 20 54 68 65 72 65 66 6f | 72 65 2c 20 61 6e 0d 0a | Therefo|re, an..|
|00002a80| 61 64 76 69 73 6f 72 79 | 20 70 61 6e 65 6c 27 73 |advisory| panel's|
|00002a90| 20 64 65 63 69 73 69 6f | 6e 20 6e 6f 74 20 74 6f | decisio|n not to|
|00002aa0| 20 72 65 63 6f 6d 6d 65 | 6e 64 20 69 74 20 66 6f | recomme|nd it fo|
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|00002af0| 74 72 6f 76 65 72 73 69 | 61 6c 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 |troversi|al... |
|00002b00| 20 20 54 68 65 20 64 61 | 74 61 20 70 72 65 73 65 | The da|ta prese|
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|00002bb0| 6e 63 65 72 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 61 6e 79 20 31 20 66 |ncerning| any 1 f|
|00002bc0| 6f 72 6d 2c 20 64 6f 73 | 65 2c 20 6f 72 20 74 68 |orm, dos|e, or th|
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|00002be0| 65 72 65 0d 0a 69 6e 73 | 75 66 66 69 63 69 65 6e |ere..ins|ufficien|
|00002bf0| 74 20 74 6f 20 61 6c 6c | 6f 77 20 61 20 72 65 63 |t to all|ow a rec|
|00002c00| 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 64 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 62 |ommendat|ion to b|
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|00002c30| 75 64 69 65 73 0d 0a 69 | 6e 64 69 63 61 74 65 64 |udies..i|ndicated|
|00002c40| 20 68 69 67 68 20 72 61 | 74 65 73 20 6f 66 20 62 | high ra|tes of b|
|00002c50| 6c 65 65 64 69 6e 67 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 63 61 |leeding |complica|
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|00002c70| 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 72 65 | 71 75 69 72 65 6d 65 6e |usion re|quiremen|
|00002c80| 74 73 0d 0a 61 66 74 65 | 72 20 72 74 2d 50 41 20 |ts..afte|r rt-PA |
|00002c90| 74 68 65 72 61 70 79 2e | 20 20 41 20 73 61 66 65 |therapy.| A safe|
|00002ca0| 20 72 65 67 69 6d 65 6e | 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 74 | regimen| could t|
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|00002cd0| 20 20 41 6c 74 68 6f 75 | 67 68 20 69 6e 74 72 61 | Althou|gh intra|
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|00002d00| 6c 61 69 6d 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 62 65 20 74 77 69 |laimed t|o be twi|
|00002d10| 63 65 20 61 73 0d 0a 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 |ce as..e|ffective|
|00002d20| 20 61 73 20 73 74 72 65 | 70 74 6f 6b 69 6e 61 73 | as stre|ptokinas|
|00002d30| 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 72 65 70 65 72 66 75 |e in the| reperfu|
|00002d40| 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 61 63 75 74 65 6c 79 20 |sion of |acutely |
|00002d50| 6f 63 63 6c 75 64 65 64 | 20 63 6f 72 6f 6e 61 72 |occluded| coronar|
|00002d60| 79 0d 0a 61 72 74 65 72 | 69 65 73 2c 20 69 74 20 |y..arter|ies, it |
|00002d70| 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 63 | 6c 65 61 72 20 74 68 61 |is not c|lear tha|
|00002d80| 74 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 6f |t this i|s the so|
|00002d90| 6c 65 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 20 6f 66 20 62 65 6e |le sourc|e of ben|
|00002da0| 65 66 69 74 20 66 72 6f | 6d 0d 0a 74 68 72 6f 6d |efit fro|m..throm|
|00002db0| 62 6f 6c 79 74 69 63 20 | 74 68 65 72 61 70 79 2e |bolytic |therapy.|
|00002dc0| 20 20 49 6e 20 61 64 64 | 69 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 72 | In add|ition, r|
|00002dd0| 74 2d 50 41 20 69 73 20 | 6d 6f 72 65 20 65 78 70 |t-PA is |more exp|
|00002de0| 65 6e 73 69 76 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 73 74 72 65 |ensive t|han stre|
|00002df0| 70 74 6f 6b 69 6e 61 73 | 65 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |ptokinas|e... |
|00002e00| 20 42 65 63 61 75 73 65 | 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 77 | Because| there w|
|00002e10| 61 73 20 61 6e 20 69 6e | 61 64 65 71 75 61 74 65 |as an in|adequate|
|00002e20| 20 62 61 73 69 73 20 66 | 6f 72 20 73 70 65 63 69 | basis f|or speci|
|00002e30| 66 69 63 20 72 65 63 6f | 6d 6d 65 6e 64 61 74 69 |fic reco|mmendati|
|00002e40| 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 0d 0a 66 6f 72 6d |ons of t|he..form|
|00002e50| 2c 20 64 6f 73 65 2c 20 | 64 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |, dose, |duration|
|00002e60| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 73 61 | 66 65 74 79 20 6f 66 20 |, and sa|fety of |
|00002e70| 72 74 2d 50 41 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 62 65 63 61 75 |rt-PA, a|nd becau|
|00002e80| 73 65 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 | 65 72 20 61 67 65 6e 74 |se anoth|er agent|
|00002e90| 20 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 | 6e 0d 0a 73 68 6f 77 6e | has bee|n..shown|
|00002ea0| 20 74 6f 20 72 65 64 75 | 63 65 20 6d 6f 72 74 61 | to redu|ce morta|
|00002eb0| 6c 69 74 79 2c 20 74 68 | 65 72 65 20 77 61 73 20 |lity, th|ere was |
|00002ec0| 6a 75 73 74 69 66 69 63 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 6f |justific|ation fo|
|00002ed0| 72 20 74 68 65 20 61 64 | 76 69 73 6f 72 79 20 70 |r the ad|visory p|
|00002ee0| 61 6e 65 6c 27 73 0d 0a | 64 65 63 69 73 69 6f 6e |anel's..|decision|
|00002ef0| 20 74 6f 20 72 65 63 6f | 6d 6d 65 6e 64 20 64 65 | to reco|mmend de|
|00002f00| 6c 61 79 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 70 70 72 6f |lay in t|he appro|
|00002f10| 76 61 6c 20 6f 66 20 72 | 74 2d 50 41 20 66 6f 72 |val of r|t-PA for|
|00002f20| 20 74 68 65 20 74 72 65 | 61 74 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f | the tre|atment o|
|00002f30| 66 20 61 63 75 74 65 0d | 0a 6d 79 6f 63 61 72 64 |f acute.|.myocard|
|00002f40| 69 61 6c 20 69 6e 66 61 | 72 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0d |ial infa|rction..|
|00002f50| 0a 0d 0a 50 6f 73 74 2d | 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 0d |...Post-|Comment.|
|00002f60| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 53 6f 6c 20 53 68 65 72 |... |Sol Sher|
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|00002f90| 6f 66 20 74 68 72 6f 6d | 62 6f 6c 79 74 69 63 20 |of throm|bolytic |
|00002fa0| 74 68 65 72 61 70 79 20 | 66 6f 72 20 61 20 6c 6f |therapy |for a lo|
|00002fb0| 6e 67 0d 0a 74 69 6d 65 | 2e 20 20 48 65 20 69 73 |ng..time|. He is|
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|00003000| 0a 77 6f 72 74 68 20 72 | 65 61 64 69 6e 67 20 69 |.worth r|eading i|
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|00003020| 6f 72 6d 2e 20 20 41 6c | 74 68 6f 75 67 68 20 74 |orm. Al|though t|
|00003030| 68 65 20 46 44 41 20 65 | 76 65 6e 74 75 61 6c 6c |he FDA e|ventuall|
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|00003050| 2c 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 70 | 72 6f 63 65 73 73 20 77 |,..the p|rocess w|
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|000030a0| 6d 62 69 6e 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6f 66 20 73 63 69 |mbinatio|n of sci|
|000030b0| 65 6e 63 65 2c 20 70 6f | 6c 69 74 69 63 73 2c 20 |ence, po|litics, |
|000030c0| 61 6e 64 20 65 63 6f 6e | 6f 6d 69 63 73 2e 2d 2d |and econ|omics.--|
|000030d0| 4c 2e 20 4c 61 73 61 67 | 6e 61 2c 20 4d 2e 44 2e |L. Lasag|na, M.D.|
|000030e0| 0d 0a 24 55 6e 69 71 75 | 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 52 42 |..$Uniqu|e_ID{YRB|
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|00003130| 0a 76 61 6e 20 5a 77 61 | 6e 65 6e 62 65 72 67 2c |.van Zwa|nenberg,|
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|00003150| 47 72 65 67 6f 72 79 2c | 20 44 41 7d 0d 0a 24 41 |Gregory,| DA}..$A|
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|000031c0| 50 72 65 73 63 72 69 62 | 69 6e 67 20 72 61 74 69 |Prescrib|ing rati|
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|000031e0| 20 6f 66 7d 0d 0a 24 4a | 6f 75 72 6e 61 6c 7b 4a | of}..$J|ournal{J|
|000031f0| 20 52 20 43 6f 6c 6c 20 | 47 65 6e 20 50 72 61 63 | R Coll |Gen Prac|
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|00003220| 0a 24 44 61 74 65 7b 4a | 75 6c 79 20 31 39 38 37 |.$Date{J|uly 1987|
|00003230| 7d 0d 0a 24 59 42 56 6f | 6c 7b 31 39 38 39 20 59 |}..$YBVo|l{1989 Y|
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|00003270| 74 6f 72 7b 44 72 73 2e | 20 48 6f 6c 6c 69 73 74 |tor{Drs.| Hollist|
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|000032f0| 39 38 39 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 | 39 38 39 20 59 65 61 72 |989....1|989 Year|
|00003300| 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 | 20 44 72 75 67 20 54 68 | Book of| Drug Th|
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|00003360| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003370| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003380| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d |--------|-------.|
|00003390| 0a 43 61 6e 20 52 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 50 72 |.Can Rat|ional Pr|
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|00003410| 6f 6c 6c 20 47 65 6e 20 | 50 72 61 63 74 20 33 37 |oll Gen |Pract 37|
|00003420| 3a 33 30 38 2d 33 31 30 | 2c 20 4a 75 6c 79 20 31 |:308-310|, July 1|
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|00003480| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d | 0a 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 |-----...|.Abstrac|
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|000034b0| 28 47 50 73 29 20 6d 61 | 79 20 70 72 65 73 63 72 |(GPs) ma|y prescr|
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|000035a0| 68 61 62 69 74 73 20 6f | 66 20 61 20 67 72 6f 75 |habits o|f a grou|
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|00003ac0| 61 6c 22 20 64 65 70 65 | 6e 64 73 0d 0a 6f 6e 20 |al" depe|nds..on |
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|00003b70| 67 65 6e 65 72 69 63 20 | 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 |generic |version |
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|00003bd0| 0d 0a 24 55 6e 69 71 75 | 65 5f 49 44 7b 59 52 42 |..$Uniqu|e_ID{YRB|
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|00003c20| 74 61 67 68 2c 20 4a 7d | 0d 0a 24 41 66 66 69 6c |tagh, J}|..$Affil|
|00003c30| 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 7b 4d | 6f 6e 61 73 68 20 55 6e |iation{M|onash Un|
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|00003cb0| 2d 39 30 36 7d 0d 0a 24 | 44 61 74 65 7b 4a 75 6c |-906}..$|Date{Jul|
|00003cc0| 79 20 31 39 38 37 7d 0d | 0a 24 59 42 56 6f 6c 7b |y 1987}.|.$YBVol{|
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|00003d00| 24 59 42 45 64 69 74 6f | 72 7b 44 72 73 2e 20 48 |$YBEdito|r{Drs. H|
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|00003d40| 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 | 6f 72 7b 4c 2e 45 2e 20 |ommentat|or{L.E. |
|00003d50| 48 6f 6c 6c 69 73 74 65 | 72 2c 20 4d 2e 44 2e 7d |Holliste|r, M.D.}|
|00003d60| 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 6f 70 79 | 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 63 |....Copy|right (c|
|00003d70| 29 20 59 65 61 72 20 42 | 6f 6f 6b 20 4d 65 64 69 |) Year B|ook Medi|
|00003d80| 63 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c | 69 73 68 65 72 73 2c 20 |cal Publ|ishers, |
|00003d90| 49 6e 63 2e 2c 20 31 39 | 38 39 0d 0a 0d 0a 31 39 |Inc., 19|89....19|
|00003da0| 38 39 20 59 65 61 72 20 | 42 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 |89 Year |Book of |
|00003db0| 44 72 75 67 20 54 68 65 | 72 61 70 79 20 28 52 29 |Drug The|rapy (R)|
|00003dc0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 43 68 61 70 | 74 65 72 20 31 2d 2d 47 |....Chap|ter 1--G|
|00003dd0| 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 49 | 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 |eneral I|nformati|
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|00003df0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e10| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003e30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a | 50 72 65 73 63 72 69 62 |------..|Prescrib|
|00003e40| 69 6e 67 20 50 61 74 74 | 65 72 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 |ing Patt|erns in |
|00003e50| 41 75 73 74 72 61 6c 69 | 61 0d 0a 0d 0a 4d 75 72 |Australi|a....Mur|
|00003e60| 74 61 67 68 20 4a 0d 0a | 28 4d 6f 6e 61 73 68 20 |tagh J..|(Monash |
|00003e70| 55 6e 69 76 2c 20 56 69 | 63 74 6f 72 69 61 29 0d |Univ, Vi|ctoria).|
|00003e80| 0a 41 75 73 74 20 46 61 | 6d 20 50 68 79 73 69 63 |.Aust Fa|m Physic|
|00003e90| 69 61 6e 20 31 36 3a 39 | 30 32 2d 39 30 36 2c 20 |ian 16:9|02-906, |
|00003ea0| 4a 75 6c 79 20 31 39 38 | 37 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |July 198|7..-----|
|00003eb0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003ec0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003ed0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003ee0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003ef0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 |--------|---....A|
|00003f00| 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |bstract.|... |
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|00003fd0| 20 20 49 6e 20 31 39 38 | 35 2d 31 39 38 36 2c 20 | In 198|5-1986, |
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|00004130| 63 79 63 6c 69 6e 65 20 | 68 61 76 65 0d 0a 69 6e |cycline |have..in|
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|00004210| 72 74 65 6e 73 69 76 65 | 20 61 67 65 6e 74 73 20 |rtensive| agents |
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|00004270| 6f 69 64 61 6c 0d 0a 61 | 6e 74 69 2d 69 6e 66 6c |oidal..a|nti-infl|
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|00004340| 0a 50 6f 73 74 2d 43 6f | 6d 6d 65 6e 74 0d 0a 0d |.Post-Co|mment...|
|00004350| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 41 75 | 73 74 72 61 6c 69 61 20 |. Au|stralia |
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|00004910| 6c 65 7b 7d 0d 0a 24 43 | 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 |le{}..$C|ommentat|
|00004920| 6f 72 7b 4c 2e 20 4c 61 | 73 61 67 6e 61 2c 20 4d |or{L. La|sagna, M|
|00004930| 2e 44 2e 7d 0d 0a 0d 0a | 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 |.D.}....|Copyrigh|
|00004940| 74 20 28 63 29 20 59 65 | 61 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 |t (c) Ye|ar Book |
|00004950| 4d 65 64 69 63 61 6c 20 | 50 75 62 6c 69 73 68 65 |Medical |Publishe|
|00004960| 72 73 2c 20 49 6e 63 2e | 2c 20 31 39 38 39 0d 0a |rs, Inc.|, 1989..|
|00004970| 0d 0a 31 39 38 39 20 59 | 65 61 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b |..1989 Y|ear Book|
|00004980| 20 6f 66 20 44 72 75 67 | 20 54 68 65 72 61 70 79 | of Drug| Therapy|
|00004990| 20 28 52 29 0d 0a 0d 0a | 43 68 61 70 74 65 72 20 | (R)....|Chapter |
|000049a0| 31 2d 2d 47 65 6e 65 72 | 61 6c 20 49 6e 66 6f 72 |1--Gener|al Infor|
|000049b0| 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |mation..|..------|
|000049c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000049d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000049e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000049f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004a00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 0d 0a 50 61 74 69 |--------|--..Pati|
|00004a10| 65 6e 74 20 43 6f 6d 70 | 6c 69 61 6e 63 65 20 69 |ent Comp|liance i|
|00004a20| 6e 20 46 69 6c 6c 69 6e | 67 20 50 72 65 73 63 72 |n Fillin|g Prescr|
|00004a30| 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 41 66 74 65 72 20 44 69 |iptions |After Di|
|00004a40| 73 63 68 61 72 67 65 20 | 46 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 |scharge |From the|
|00004a50| 20 45 6d 65 72 67 65 6e | 63 79 0d 0a 44 65 70 61 | Emergen|cy..Depa|
|00004a60| 72 74 6d 65 6e 74 0d 0a | 0d 0a 53 61 75 6e 64 65 |rtment..|..Saunde|
|00004a70| 72 73 20 43 45 0d 0a 28 | 56 61 6e 64 65 72 62 69 |rs CE..(|Vanderbi|
|00004a80| 6c 74 20 55 6e 69 76 29 | 0d 0a 4a 20 45 6d 65 72 |lt Univ)|..J Emer|
|00004a90| 67 20 4d 65 64 20 35 3a | 32 38 33 2d 32 38 36 2c |g Med 5:|283-286,|
|00004aa0| 20 4a 75 6c 79 20 31 39 | 38 37 0d 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d | July 19|87..----|
|00004ab0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004ac0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004ad0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004ae0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004af0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 0d 0a |--------|----....|
|00004b00| 41 62 73 74 72 61 63 74 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |Abstract|.... |
|00004b10| 20 41 6c 74 68 6f 75 67 | 68 20 70 61 74 69 65 6e | Althoug|h patien|
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|00004b30| 74 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 70 | 72 65 73 63 72 69 62 65 |taking p|rescribe|
|00004b40| 64 20 6d 65 64 69 63 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 68 61 73 |d medica|tion has|
|00004b50| 20 62 65 65 6e 20 77 65 | 6c 6c 0d 0a 73 74 75 64 | been we|ll..stud|
|00004b60| 69 65 64 2c 20 70 61 74 | 69 65 6e 74 20 63 6f 6d |ied, pat|ient com|
|00004b70| 70 6c 69 61 6e 63 65 20 | 69 6e 20 66 69 6c 6c 69 |pliance |in filli|
|00004b80| 6e 67 20 70 72 65 73 63 | 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 |ng presc|riptions|
|00004b90| 20 68 61 73 20 72 65 63 | 65 69 76 65 64 20 6c 65 | has rec|eived le|
|00004ba0| 73 73 0d 0a 61 74 74 65 | 6e 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 |ss..atte|ntion. |
|00004bb0| 44 75 72 69 6e 67 20 61 | 20 32 2d 77 65 65 6b 20 |During a| 2-week |
|00004bc0| 73 74 75 64 79 20 70 65 | 72 69 6f 64 2c 20 34 37 |study pe|riod, 47|
|00004bd0| 20 77 6f 6d 65 6e 20 28 | 34 39 25 29 20 61 6e 64 | women (|49%) and|
|00004be0| 20 34 39 20 6d 65 6e 20 | 28 35 31 25 29 20 28 6d | 49 men |(51%) (m|
|00004bf0| 65 61 6e 0d 0a 61 67 65 | 2c 20 32 37 2e 31 20 79 |ean..age|, 27.1 y|
|00004c00| 65 61 72 73 29 20 77 68 | 6f 20 77 65 72 65 20 67 |ears) wh|o were g|
|00004c10| 69 76 65 6e 20 70 72 65 | 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f |iven pre|scriptio|
|00004c20| 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6d | 65 64 69 63 61 74 69 6f |ns for m|edicatio|
|00004c30| 6e 20 61 74 20 64 69 73 | 63 68 61 72 67 65 20 66 |n at dis|charge f|
|00004c40| 72 6f 6d 0d 0a 74 68 65 | 20 65 6d 65 72 67 65 6e |rom..the| emergen|
|00004c50| 63 79 20 64 65 70 61 72 | 74 6d 65 6e 74 20 77 65 |cy depar|tment we|
|00004c60| 72 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f | 77 65 64 20 75 70 20 77 |re follo|wed up w|
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|00004c80| 63 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 | 20 6e 65 78 74 20 64 61 |call the| next da|
|00004c90| 79 20 74 6f 0d 0a 64 65 | 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 65 20 |y to..de|termine |
|00004ca0| 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 61 6e | 63 65 20 69 6e 20 66 69 |complian|ce in fi|
|00004cb0| 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 74 68 | 65 69 72 20 70 72 65 73 |lling th|eir pres|
|00004cc0| 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | 73 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |cription|s... |
|00004cd0| 20 54 65 6c 65 70 68 6f | 6e 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f | Telepho|ne follo|
|00004ce0| 77 2d 75 70 20 72 65 76 | 65 61 6c 65 64 20 74 68 |w-up rev|ealed th|
|00004cf0| 61 74 20 31 31 20 28 32 | 31 25 29 20 6f 66 20 35 |at 11 (2|1%) of 5|
|00004d00| 33 20 69 6e 73 75 72 65 | 64 20 70 61 74 69 65 6e |3 insure|d patien|
|00004d10| 74 73 2c 20 34 20 28 32 | 31 25 29 0d 0a 6f 66 20 |ts, 4 (2|1%)..of |
|00004d20| 31 39 20 4d 65 64 69 63 | 61 69 64 20 70 61 74 69 |19 Medic|aid pati|
|00004d30| 65 6e 74 73 2c 20 33 20 | 28 32 31 25 29 20 6f 66 |ents, 3 |(21%) of|
|00004d40| 20 31 34 20 73 65 6c 66 | 2d 70 61 79 69 6e 67 20 | 14 self|-paying |
|00004d50| 70 61 74 69 65 6e 74 73 | 2c 20 31 20 28 32 35 25 |patients|, 1 (25%|
|00004d60| 29 20 6f 66 20 34 0d 0a | 4d 65 64 69 63 61 72 65 |) of 4..|Medicare|
|00004d70| 20 70 61 74 69 65 6e 74 | 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 33 | patient|s, and 3|
|00004d80| 20 28 35 30 25 29 20 70 | 61 74 69 65 6e 74 73 20 | (50%) p|atients |
|00004d90| 6f 66 20 75 6e 6b 6e 6f | 77 6e 20 70 61 79 6f 72 |of unkno|wn payor|
|00004da0| 20 73 74 61 74 75 73 20 | 68 61 64 20 6e 6f 74 20 | status |had not |
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|00004dc0| 72 20 70 72 65 73 63 72 | 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e |r prescr|iptions.|
|00004dd0| 20 20 52 65 61 73 6f 6e | 73 20 67 69 76 65 6e 20 | Reason|s given |
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|00004df0| 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 | 65 64 0d 0a 69 6e 73 75 |e includ|ed..insu|
|00004e00| 66 66 69 63 69 65 6e 74 | 20 66 75 6e 64 73 20 28 |fficient| funds (|
|00004e10| 33 36 25 29 2c 20 6c 61 | 63 6b 20 6f 66 20 74 72 |36%), la|ck of tr|
|00004e20| 61 6e 73 70 6f 72 74 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 28 31 34 |ansporta|tion (14|
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|00004e50| 6c 6c 61 6e 65 6f 75 73 | 20 28 31 38 25 29 2e 20 |llaneous| (18%). |
|00004e60| 20 50 72 65 73 63 72 69 | 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6e | Prescri|ptions n|
|00004e70| 6f 74 20 66 69 6c 6c 65 | 64 20 77 65 72 65 20 66 |ot fille|d were f|
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|00004e90| 20 6d 75 73 63 6c 65 0d | 0a 72 65 6c 61 78 61 6e | muscle.|.relaxan|
|00004ea0| 74 73 20 28 34 35 25 29 | 2c 20 61 6e 74 69 62 69 |ts (45%)|, antibi|
|00004eb0| 6f 74 69 63 73 20 28 34 | 31 25 29 20 61 6e 64 20 |otics (4|1%) and |
|00004ec0| 6d 69 73 63 65 6c 6c 61 | 6e 65 6f 75 73 20 6d 65 |miscella|neous me|
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|00005010| 66 69 67 75 72 65 20 6f | 66 20 32 30 25 20 72 65 |figure o|f 20% re|
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|000050a0| 34 3a 32 33 2d 32 36 2c | 20 31 39 38 32 29 20 66 |4:23-26,| 1982) f|
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|00005fa0| 0a 24 43 6f 6d 6d 65 6e | 74 61 74 6f 72 7b 4c 2e |.$Commen|tator{L.|
|00005fb0| 45 2e 20 48 6f 6c 6c 69 | 73 74 65 72 2c 20 4d 2e |E. Holli|ster, M.|
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|00005fd0| 20 28 63 29 20 59 65 61 | 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 4d | (c) Yea|r Book M|
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|00006000| 0a 31 39 38 39 20 59 65 | 61 72 20 42 6f 6f 6b 20 |.1989 Ye|ar Book |
|00006010| 6f 66 20 44 72 75 67 20 | 54 68 65 72 61 70 79 20 |of Drug |Therapy |
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|00006080| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006090| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 0d 0a 50 72 65 73 63 |--------|-..Presc|
|000060a0| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 4d 65 64 69 63 61 74 69 |ription |Medicati|
|000060b0| 6f 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 49 | 6e 66 61 6e 63 79 20 61 |ons in I|nfancy a|
|000060c0| 6e 64 20 45 61 72 6c 79 | 20 43 68 69 6c 64 68 6f |nd Early| Childho|
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|000060e0| 50 2c 20 57 69 6c 73 6f | 6e 20 4d 2c 20 44 65 41 |P, Wilso|n M, DeA|
|000060f0| 6e 67 65 6c 69 73 20 43 | 0d 0a 28 4a 6f 68 6e 73 |ngelis C|..(Johns|
|00006100| 20 48 6f 70 6b 69 6e 73 | 20 55 6e 69 76 29 0d 0a | Hopkins| Univ)..|
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|00006120| 34 31 3a 37 37 32 2d 37 | 37 35 2c 20 4a 75 6c 79 |41:772-7|75, July|
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|00006160| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006170| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006180| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 0d 0a 41 62 73 74 72 |-------.|...Abstr|
|00006190| 61 63 74 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 42 65 63 61 |act.... | Beca|
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+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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